For instance, on the English Wikipedia and some other language editions, only registered users may create a new article. [18] On January 10, 2001, Sanger proposed on the Nupedia mailing list to create a wiki as a "feeder" project for Nupedia. [294] About 50 percent of search engine traffic to Wikipedia comes from Google,[295] a good portion of which is related to academic research. The h2g2 encyclopedia is relatively lighthearted, focusing on articles which are both witty and informative. The Arbitration Committee presides over the ultimate dispute resolution process. Originally, Wikipedia ran on UseModWiki written in Perl by Clifford Adams (Phase I), which initially required CamelCase for article hyperlinks; the present double bracket style was incorporated later. Bureaucrats name new administrators solely upon the recommendations from the community. David Milne and Ian H. Witten (2008). [288] It was discontinued in February 2018. "[11] As of November 2020, Alexa records the daily pageviews per visitor as 3.03 and the average daily time on site as 3:46 minutes. [159] In addition to the point-for-point disagreement between these two parties, others have examined the sample size and selection method used in the Nature effort, and suggested a "flawed study design" (in Nature's manual selection of articles, in part or in whole, for comparison), absence of statistical analysis (e.g., of reported confidence intervals), and a lack of study "statistical power" (i.e., owing to small sample size, 42 or 4 × 101 articles compared, vs >105 and >106 set sizes for Britannica and the English Wikipedia, respectively).[160]. He commanded it to write. In 2006, Time magazine stated that the open-door policy of allowing anyone to edit had made Wikipedia the "biggest and perhaps the best encyclopedia in the world", and a testament to the vision of Jimmy Wales. [206] By comparison, for the German Wikipedia, the three largest conflict rates at the time of the Oxford study were for the articles covering Croatia, Scientology, and 9/11 conspiracy theories. [203] Data has also shown that Africa-related material often faces omission; a knowledge gap that a July 2018 Wikimedia conference in Cape Town sought to address. By contrast, he gives an example of Wikipedia's prose that he finds "both verbose and dull". Kennedy. "[214] Following the complaint by Sanger, Wales deleted sexual images without consulting the community. Law students have been assigned to write Wikipedia articles as an exercise in clear and succinct writing for an uninitiated audience. [252] As of December 2009[update], there were 300 in Florida and 44 in Amsterdam. In 2007, readers of brandchannel.com voted Wikipedia as the fourth-highest brand ranking, receiving 15 percent of the votes in answer to the question "Which brand had the most impact on our lives in 2006? One privacy concern in the case of Wikipedia is the right of a private citizen to remain a "private citizen" rather than a "public figure" in the eyes of the law. Messer-Kruse, Timothy (February 12, 2012), Colón-Aguirre, Monica & Fleming-May, Rachel A. Sarabadani, A., Halfaker, A., & Taraborelli, D. (2017). [309], Wikipedia has also been used as a source in journalism,[310][311] often without attribution, and several reporters have been dismissed for plagiarizing from Wikipedia.[312][313][314]. Wikipedia's accommodation of varying international copyright laws regarding images has led some to observe that its photographic coverage of topics lags behind the quality of the encyclopedic text. Even these rules are stored in wiki form, and Wikipedia editors write and revise the website's policies and guidelines. Wikipedia's initial anarchy integrated democratic and hierarchical elements over time. As a result, any article could contain inaccuracies such as errors, ideological biases, and nonsensical or irrelevant text. Thorough analysis of Ireland’s experience of the First World War necessarily begins in 1912 and ends in 1923. In February 2007, an article in The Harvard Crimson newspaper reported that a few of the professors at Harvard University were including Wikipedia articles in their syllabi, although without realizing the articles might change. Wikipedia and the Future of the Past, "Assessing the Value of Cooperation in Wikipedia", "Wikipedia's Old-Fashioned Revolution: The online encyclopedia is fast becoming the best. In December 2015, John Julius Norwich stated, in a letter published in The Times newspaper, that as a historian he resorted to Wikipedia "at least a dozen times a day", and had never yet caught it out. The encyclopedia, the company says, now lives beyond the book—its volumes of knowledge are now dished up in a variety of online services, DVDs, and mobile apps. Simonite alleges some Wikipedians use the labyrinthine rules and guidelines to dominate others and those editors have a vested interest in keeping the status quo. In the same interview, Wales also claimed the number of editors was "stable and sustainable". An encyclopedia (American English), encyclopædia, or encyclopaedia (British English) is a reference work or compendium providing summaries of knowledge either from all branches or from a particular field or discipline. d'Alembert left in 1759, making Diderot the sole editor. [8] The article in The New York Times reported the comparison statistics for mobile edits stating that, "Only 20 percent of the readership of the English-language Wikipedia comes via mobile devices, a figure substantially lower than the percentage of mobile traffic for other media sites, many of which approach 50 percent. Define encyclopedia. [81][82] The process is widely seen as a resource-consuming scenario where no useful knowledge is added. Over time, Wikipedia has developed a semi-formal dispute resolution process to assist in such circumstances. [48][49], On January 18, 2012, the English Wikipedia participated in a series of coordinated protests against two proposed laws in the United States Congress—the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and the PROTECT IP Act (PIPA)—by blacking out its pages for 24 hours. Creative Commons' CC BY-SA) are shared across language editions via Wikimedia Commons repository, a project operated by the Wikimedia Foundation. '"[171][172][173][174][175] These issues, among others, had been parodied since the first decade of Wikipedia, notably by Stephen Colbert on The Colbert Report. DK First Encyclopedia A typical encyclopedia addresses topics in alphabetical order, and a bit more thoroughly, which this does not do at all. There are currently 321 language editions of Wikipedia (also called language versions, or simply Wikipedias). [144][145], Critics have stated that Wikipedia exhibits systemic bias. [citation needed], Wikipedia currently runs on dedicated clusters of Linux servers with Debian. In 2011, Wales claimed that the unevenness of coverage is a reflection of the demography of the editors, citing for example "biographies of famous women through history and issues surrounding early childcare". "[321], In a 2017 opinion piece for Wired, Hossein Derakhshan describes Wikipedia as "one of the last remaining pillars of the open and decentralized web" and contrasted its existence as a text-based source of knowledge with social media and social networking services, the latter having "since colonized the web for television's values". [99][100], By 2012, fewer editors were becoming administrators than in earlier years, in part because the process of vetting potential Wikipedia administrators had become more rigorous.[101]. Collegial? [317], On September 16, 2007, The Washington Post reported that Wikipedia had become a focal point in the 2008 US election campaign, saying: "Type a candidate's name into Google, and among the first results is a Wikipedia page, making those entries arguably as important as any ad in defining a candidate.

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